diff --git a/src/optimise/misc.jl b/src/optimise/misc.jl
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..07901456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/optimise/misc.jl
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
+export SGD, AdaGrad, RMSProp, AdaDelta, Adam
+
+struct Optimizer
+  steps
+end
+
+function (o::Optimizer)(ps::Vector{Param})
+  states = map(ps) do p
+    p, map(x->x(p), o.steps)
+  end
+
+  () -> for (p, steps) in states
+    foreach(f->f(p), steps)
+    @. p.x -= p.Δx
+  end
+end
+
+function Momentum(η)
+  function (p)
+    momentum = zeros(p.x)
+
+    function (p)
+      @. momentum = η * momentum + p.Δx
+      @. p.Δx = momentum
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function NesterovMomentum(η)
+  function (p)
+    momentum = zeros(p.x)
+
+    function (p)
+      @. momentum = η * momentum + p.Δx
+      @. p.Δx = η * momentum + p.Δx
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function WeightDecayConst(γ)
+  function (p)
+    function (p)
+      # avoid bouncing around 0
+      x = p.x - p.Δx
+      @. p.Δx += (abs(x) <= γ) * x + (abs(x) > γ) * γ * sign(x)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function WeightDecayRatio(γ)
+  function (p)
+    function (p)
+      @. p.Δx += γ * p.x
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function GradDecayFix(lr)
+  function (p)
+    function (p)
+      @. p.Δx *= lr
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function GradDecayExp(γ)
+  function (p)
+    n_iter = 0
+
+    function (p)
+      p.Δx .*= γ ^ n_iter
+      n_iter += 1
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function GradDecayInv(γ)
+  function (p)
+    n_iter = 0
+
+    function (p)
+      p.Δx .*= 1 / (1 + γ * n_iter)
+      n_iter += 1
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function GradClipConst(threshold)
+  function (p)
+    function (p)
+      p.Δx .= max.(min.(p.Δx, threshold), -threshold)
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function Accumulate(window)
+  function (p)
+    index = 0
+    acc = zeros(p.x)
+
+    function (p)
+      acc .+= p.Δx
+
+      if index >= window
+        p.Δx .= acc
+        acc .= 0
+        index = 0
+      else
+        p.Δx .= 0
+        index += 1
+      end
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function _AdaGrad(ϵ)
+  function (p)
+    acc = zeros(p.x) .+ ϵ
+
+    function (p)
+      @. acc += p.Δx ^ 2
+      @. p.Δx /= √acc
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function _RMSProp(ρ, ϵ)
+  function (p)
+    acc  = zeros(p.x) .+ ϵ
+
+    function (p)
+      @. acc = ρ * acc + (1 - ρ) * p.Δx ^ 2
+      @. p.Δx /= √acc
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function _AdaDelta(ρ, ϵ)
+  function (p)
+    acc = zeros(p.x) .+ ϵ
+    Δacc = zeros(p.x) .+ ϵ
+
+    function (p)
+      @. acc = ρ * acc + (1 - ρ) * p.Δx ^ 2
+      @. p.Δx *= √Δacc / √acc
+      @. Δacc = ρ * Δacc + (1 - ρ) * p.Δx ^ 2
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+function _Adam(β1, β2, ϵ)
+  function (p)
+    mt = zeros(p.x)
+    vt = zeros(p.x) .+ ϵ
+    β1p = β1
+    β2p = β2
+
+    function (p)
+      @. mt = β1 * mt + (1 - β1) * p.Δx
+      @. vt = β2 * vt + (1 - β2) * p.Δx ^ 2
+
+      @. p.Δx = √(1 - β2p) / √(1 - β1p) * mt / √vt
+
+      β1p *= β1
+      β2p *= β2
+    end
+  end
+end
+
+macro restrict_range(var::Symbol, range::String)
+  left, right = split(range, ", ")
+  lo = left[1] == '[' ? :>= : :>
+  lt = left[2:end]
+  ro = right[end] == ']' ? :<= : :<
+  rt = right[1:end-1]
+
+  error_msg = "$var ∈ $range must be hold"
+  var = esc(var)
+
+  quote
+    $( lt != "-∞" && :( $lo($var, $(parse(Float64, lt))) || throw(ArgumentError($error_msg)) ) )
+    $( rt != "∞"  && :( $ro($var, $(parse(Float64, rt))) || throw(ArgumentError($error_msg)) ) )
+  end
+end
+
+function SGD(; lr::Real=.1,
+               momentum::Real=0,
+               decay::Real=0,
+               nesterov::Bool=false)
+
+  @restrict_range lr       "[0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range momentum "[0, 1]"
+  @restrict_range decay    "[0, ∞)"
+
+  steps = []
+
+  if momentum != 0
+    nesterov ? push!(steps, NesterovMomentum(momentum)) :
+               push!(steps, Momentum(momentum))
+  end
+
+  decay != 0 && push!(steps, GradDecayInv(decay))
+
+  lr != 1 && push!(steps, GradDecayFix(lr))
+
+  Optimizer(steps)
+end
+
+function AdaGrad(; lr::Real=.001,
+                   epsilon::Real=1e-6,
+                   decay::Real=0.)
+
+  @restrict_range lr      "[0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range epsilon "(0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range decay   "[0, ∞)"
+
+  steps = Any[_AdaGrad(epsilon)]
+
+  decay != 0 && push!(steps, GradDecayInv(decay))
+
+  lr != 1 && push!(steps, GradDecayFix(lr))
+
+  Optimizer(steps)
+end
+
+function RMSProp(; lr::Real=.001,
+                   rho::Real=.9,
+                   epsilon::Real=1e-6,
+                   decay::Real=0.)
+
+  @restrict_range lr      "[0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range rho     "[0, 1]"
+  @restrict_range epsilon "(0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range decay   "[0, ∞)"
+
+  steps = Any[_RMSProp(rho, epsilon)]
+
+  decay != 0 && push!(steps, GradDecayInv(decay))
+
+  lr != 1 && push!(steps, GradDecayFix(lr))
+
+  Optimizer(steps)
+end
+
+function AdaDelta(; lr::Real=1.,
+                    rho::Real=.9,
+                    epsilon::Real=1e-6,
+                    decay::Real=0.)
+
+  @restrict_range lr      "[0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range rho     "[0, 1]"
+  @restrict_range epsilon "(0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range decay   "[0, ∞)"
+
+  steps = Any[_AdaDelta(rho, epsilon)]
+
+  decay != 0 && push!(steps, GradDecayInv(decay))
+
+  lr != 1 && push!(steps, GradDecayFix(lr))
+
+  Optimizer(steps)
+end
+
+function Adam(; lr::Real=.1,
+                beta1::Real=.9,
+                beta2::Real=.999,
+                epsilon::Real=1e-6,
+                decay::Real=0.)
+
+  @restrict_range lr      "[0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range beta1   "[0, 1]"
+  @restrict_range beta2   "[0, 1]"
+  @restrict_range epsilon "(0, ∞)"
+  @restrict_range decay   "[0, ∞)"
+
+  steps = Any[_Adam(beta1, beta2, epsilon)]
+
+  decay != 0 && push!(steps, GradDecayInv(decay))
+
+  lr != 1 && push!(steps, GradDecayFix(lr))
+
+  Optimizer(steps)
+end