Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/master' into HEAD

docs/src/performance.md

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ Which means allocations occur much faster.
 And you use less memory.
 
 
-## Make sure your custom activation functions preserve the type of their inputs
-Not only should your activation functions be [type-stable](https://docs.julialang.org/en/v1/manual/performance-tips/#Write-%22type-stable%22-functions-1),
+## Make sure your activation and loss functions preserve the type of their inputs
+Not only should your activation and loss functions be [type-stable](https://docs.julialang.org/en/v1/manual/performance-tips/#Write-%22type-stable%22-functions-1),
 they should also preserve the type of their inputs.
 
 A very artificial example using an activation function like
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ A very artificial example using an activation function like
 
 will result in performance on `Float32` input orders of magnitude slower than the normal `tanh` would,
 because it results in having to use slow mixed type multiplication in the dense layers.
+Similar situations can occur in the loss function during backpropagation.
 
 Which means if you change your data say from `Float64` to `Float32` (which should give a speedup: see above),
 you will see a large slow-down
@@ -41,7 +42,7 @@ While one could change your activation function (e.g. to use `0.01f0x`) to avoid
 the idiomatic (and safe way) is to use `oftype`.
 
 ```
-    leaky_tanh(x) = oftype(x/1, 0.01) + tanh(x)
+    leaky_tanh(x) = oftype(x/1, 0.01)x + tanh(x)
 ```
 
 
@@ -60,7 +61,7 @@ end
 
 It is much faster to concatenate them into a matrix,
 as this will hit BLAS matrix-matrix multiplication, which is much faster than the equivalent sequence of matrix-vector multiplications.
-Even though this means allocating new memory to store them contiguously.
+The improvement is enough that it is worthwhile allocating new memory to store them contiguously.
 
 ```julia
 x_batch = reduce(hcat, xs)

src/cuda/curnn.jl

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ function RNNDesc{T}(mode::Int, input::Int, hidden::Int; layers = 1) where T
   @check ccall((:cudnnSetRNNDescriptor_v6,libcudnn), cudnnStatus_t, (Ptr{Nothing},Ptr{Nothing},Cint,Cint,Ptr{Nothing},Cint,Cint,Cint,Cint,Cint),
     handle(),d[],hidden,layers,dropoutDesc,inputMode,direction,mode,algo,cudnnDataType(T))
 
-  w = cuzeros(T, rnnParamSize(T, d[], input))
+  w = CuArrays.zeros(T, rnnParamSize(T, d[], input))
   # TODO: avoid reserve allocation here
   rd = RNNDesc{T}(mode, input, hidden, w, params(w, input, hidden, ngates(mode))..., d[])
   finalizer(rd) do x
@@ -131,8 +131,8 @@ end
 # TODO: can we just manipulate strides here?
 # TODO: should use repmat, but this isn't implemented.
 hBatch(x::AbstractVector, h::CuVector) = h
-hBatch(x::AbstractMatrix, h::CuVector) = h .* cuones(1, size(x, 2))
-hBatch(x::AbstractMatrix, h::CuMatrix) = h .* cuones(1, size(h,2) == 1 ? size(x,2) : 1)
+hBatch(x::AbstractMatrix, h::CuVector) = h .* CuArrays.ones(1, size(x, 2))
+hBatch(x::AbstractMatrix, h::CuMatrix) = h .* CuArrays.ones(1, size(h,2) == 1 ? size(x,2) : 1)
 
 function forward(rnn::RNNDesc{T}, x::CuArray{T}, h_::CuArray{T}, c_ = nothing, train = Val{false}) where T
   h = hBatch(x, h_)

src/layers/basic.jl

@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ end
 (a::Dense{<:Any,W})(x::AbstractArray{T}) where {T <: Union{Float32,Float64}, W <: AbstractArray{T}} =
   invoke(a, Tuple{AbstractArray}, x)
 
-(a::Dense{<:Any,W})(x::AbstractArray{<:Real}) where {T <: Union{Float32,Float64}, W <: AbstractArray{T}} =
+(a::Dense{<:Any,W})(x::AbstractArray{<:AbstractFloat}) where {T <: Union{Float32,Float64}, W <: AbstractArray{T}} =
   a(T.(x))
 
 """

src/optimise/optimisers.jl

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ function apply!(o::Descent, x, Δ)
 end
 
 """
-    Momentum(params, η = 0.01; ρ = 0.9)
+    Momentum(η = 0.01; ρ = 0.9)
 
 Gradient descent with learning rate `η` and momentum `ρ`.
 """

src/treelike.jl

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ end
 
 function prefor(f, x; seen = IdSet())
   x ∈ seen && return
+  push!(seen, x)
   f(x)
   foreach(x -> prefor(f, x, seen = seen), children(x))
   return

test/utils.jl

@@ -85,6 +85,16 @@ end
   @test size.(params(m)) == [(5, 10), (5,)]
   m = RNN(10, 5)
   @test size.(params(m)) == [(5, 10), (5, 5), (5,), (5,)]
+
+  # Layer duplicated in same chain, params just once pls.
+  c = Chain(m, m)
+  @test size.(params(c)) == [(5, 10), (5, 5), (5,), (5,)]
+
+  # Self-referential array. Just want params, no stack overflow pls.
+  r = Any[nothing,m]
+  Flux.children(a::Vector{Any}) = Tuple(a)
+  r[1] = r
+  @test size.(params(r)) == [(5, 10), (5, 5), (5,), (5,)]
 end
 
 @testset "Basic Stacking" begin